忐忑--神曲當代再現 - 電影

By David
at 2014-09-08T00:26
at 2014-09-08T00:26
Table of Contents
我對忐忑的評價其實是介在普雷到好雷之間
好是在於在看的途中的確有感到忐忑不安,而且裡面對於伏筆的建立還算完整。
更重要的是,整個敘事過程,對於讀外文系的人來說,很有共鳴。
----------------------------
首先,必須要知道一件事情,「下地獄」本身,是西方文學非常常見的主題(motif)。
從荷馬(Homer)的奧德賽(Odessey),到維吉爾(Virgil)的埃涅阿斯紀(Aeneid),
甚至到但丁(Dante)的神曲(Divine Comedy),主角都有「下地獄」的旅程。
下地獄本身,除了是一趟「旅程」或者是「探索」(exploration),去找答案,
也是主角透過整個過程達到「自我探索」(seld-exploration)的過程。
奧德賽的主角Odesseus下地獄是為了找到回家的路,埃涅阿斯紀的主角Aeneas
是則是見到自己的父親,得知羅馬的未來,了解自己建立羅馬的責任,但丁則是
透過目睹罪惡,而了解人類理性的不足和神的正義。
這全部,除了是一躺旅程,獲得知識(knowledge),也是一趟自我認識(self-knowledge)
的過程。
「忐忑」就是延續這樣的主題而發展的,向外探索的過程,其實最終要回到自己,
認識自己,最後和自己妥協(self-reconciliation)。也是為何向外即是向內,
他們進入地獄後,所有的事物全部顛倒。
第二,這樣的過程,不是人人都能成功,無法和過去的「罪」、「內疚」或是「自我」
和解的人,就一一消失。他們所有人所看到聽到的,都是自己的過去,這趟探險就是探
索自己,面對自己,和自己和解的過程。當然,就如女主角所說,「內心即是現實」
所以看到的鬼,也是自己的心魔。
無法面對過去的有:1.Souxie(蘇希),她顯然是對於失蹤兩年的朋友 Mole 感到愧疚,
但卻又無法面對,當然就是死於這過程。 2. Papillon 如果有注意看,他在進入地下
墓穴前,手上有燒傷的疤痕,他顯然有一段無法回首的過去,這也是為何他最後會看到
火燒的朋友,看到自己的內疚,但他不敢面對,鴕鳥心態,所以死的時候,腳在上,頭
被埋在地下。 3. Benji 他的過去不清楚,但是可以猜測的是,他所看到的女子應該跟他
有關,不過劇中沒有清楚的線索,但是從他一開始說有東西咬他,以及最後跌死,想必
他是有一段不為人知的過去。
最後和自己妥協的有:1. Scarlet 和她的父親,這也是為何他會看到上吊的父親,和
聽到電話,但是她選擇了面對過去,以及對她的舊情人 George 道歉,而 George
也對於他淹死的弟弟感到內疚,不敢進入洞穴,但是他最後也在 Scarlet 的協助下,
面對自己。戲份不多的 Zed 最後也誠實面對自己,說出自己不認親生兒子的往事,
但是他也選擇了面對。這就是為何他們三個人都得救。當然在西方文化裡面,「三」
是幸運數字,神也是「三」位一體,這也是為何最後是「三」個人活下來。
最後,注意到他們進入地獄之前的標語 Abandon all hope, ye who enter here
這也是但丁進入地獄前看到的。當然這裡的放棄希望,是要告訴自己,要勇敢面對。
女主角 Scarlet 就是最佳典型,從她一開始別人問她父親為何自殺,到最後依循父親
的腳步,找到真相(the truth),就是一趟向外又向內的過程,她擁有的知識(knowledge)
不管是化學、考古學,向外的轉化成向內的自我認識(self-knowledge)。
但是導演在命名 Scarlet 我覺得是故意的。要想到 霍桑(Hawthorne)著名的小說
紅字(The Scarlet Letter),裡面敘述女主角偷情生子,最後認罪。也是勇於面對
自我的過程,所以 Scarlet 才會再回去歸還魔法石的過程,淌了整身血,正好呼應她的
名字 Scarlet,腥紅色。
-----------------------------------------------
有個字叫做 bildungsroman,翻譯成「成長小說」,英文可以是
novel of formation, novel of education, or coming-of-age story
成長即教育即成熟,這部電影就是在這樣的脈絡中的作品,成長永遠都是一個和外界
以及自己的一個妥協的過程。這也是為何英文的 subject 可以翻譯成「主體」也可以是
「受制於...」的意思。主體的形成同時受到外力也是和自我的內心不斷妥協的結果。
但是這樣的結果,只是暫時性的,人永遠都在 becoming(變成)的過程中。
--
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