普羅米修斯和雷利史考特其他作品的比較 - 電影
By Doris
at 2012-06-07T17:47
at 2012-06-07T17:47
Table of Contents
綜觀雷利史考特的經典之作如異形、銀翼殺手、神鬼戰士、黑鷹計畫、美國黑幫等等電影
,你會發現這些作品雖然題材各異,主題也都不太一樣,但總的來說它們都分享了一個特
色:都有龐大的故事背景,而整部電影所講述的事件與之雖然相較之下顯得無關緊要甚至
是雞毛蒜皮,但觀眾隨著觀影過程卻會發現這些大背景之下的小事件實際上都是在用相當
迂迴曲折的方式在反襯事件所處的龐大背景所含蘊的精神,說它們是電影中虛構的龐大時
空的縮影也不為過。
銀翼殺手其實也不過就是一個退休的警探重出江湖獵捕逃脫複製人的故事,但它之所以能
成為科幻電影最偉大的成就之一,毫無疑問是因為未來世界所背負的那些龐大命題都在這
個小小的故事中被反映出來了。異形也是一樣的道理,渺小人類身處無垠太空所感受到的
深邃憂懼不需要太多大事件,只要用一頭怪獸和太空人對抗的故事即可表達。
即使是雷利史考特比較失敗的作品,像是王者天下,你也看得到一樣的結構。電影並不試
圖直接描繪整個十字軍東征的宏偉圖像,而是用貝里昂這個角色的經歷來側寫一整個時
代的歷史。
總的來說,雖然雷利史考特大部分的電影都是宏偉巨製,但和那些富麗壯闊的背景比起來
,電影中的人物總是顯得相當渺小,而所遭遇的事件,好像也不是多麼重大的事情,但總
是在最後的最後,當這些小人物的所作所為竟然產生某些偉大的功效時,你所獲得的情感
能量,往往會比看一些天生就被賦予天命的英雄拯救世界來得多(麥希穆斯在競技場的奮鬥
卻成為羅馬的救贖就是一個相當明顯的例子。),你所獲得的訊息,也往往會比那些直接
切入偉大命題本身的電影,來得深邃許多(像是銀翼殺手對於生命的價值的陳述。)。
我認為這是相當聰明的作法,畢竟描述某個時空下的一小搓人的故事,總是比描述一整個
世界來得容易許多(彼得傑克森大概是個反例。),這可以說是一種「見微知著」的精神,
你不可能寫透整個世界(似乎也沒必要),卻不代表沒有任何側寫的可能性。
反過來說的話,我會認為,這種見微知著的精神是否有發揮透徹,會在很大的程度上影響
一部雷利史考特電影的評價。
至少對我而言,普羅米修斯就是一次失敗的嘗試,到最後,你還是很難知道雷利史考特
到底側寫出了什麼東西。雖然探索人類起源是個很不錯的主題,但在這個主題的發揮上,
普羅米修斯卻顯得相當雜亂卻失敗。
首先,普羅米修斯缺乏成功的角色描繪,這裡並沒有一個真正有血有肉的角色(是少數
幾個好演員把他們的角色演得有血有肉,而不是他們被寫的有血有肉。)。這對一部雷利
史考特的電影是相當大的致命傷,畢竟當你把故事焦點縮小後,角色在推進故事發展上
的功用就顯得相當重要,但普羅米修斯的角色不是缺乏動機(像David),欠缺深度(像是
Vickers),就是根本無關緊要(像是Holloway)。
敘事上的無能則是第二個問題。雖然角色的失敗是其中一個造成敘事無能的成因,但就算
角色真的寫活了,這個故事的敘事還是相當有問題。我不知道該說是雷利史考特拍得不好
還是劇本有毛病,總之整個敘事是渙散的,你看不出來有一個明確的目標在推動整部電影
,而像是一群人在螢幕上晃來晃去,然後就像RPG踩地雷打怪一樣,你隨機觸發什麼事件,
電影就怎樣照著演下去,毫無邏輯章法可言。(像是Peter Weyland的出現就相當突兀。)
有人可能會抱怨我只在看電影怎麼拍,而不在乎電影告訴了我什麼,或者去思考裡面提出
的一些議題和象徵意義。但我倒要問問:
如果電影拍壞了,那麼那些議題和訊息到底有何重要?對我而言,那些訊息和象徵或者議
題如果要在「討論電影」這個前提下顯得有意義,必須要電影本身真的用了什麼方式將這
些訊息和議題變得特殊且陳述得很好才行,否則一本探討死刑的倫理學著作和一部探討死
刑的電影若訊息相同,則兩者之間根本就是毫無差別的,我很難相信有任何人真的會接受
這件事。
說來有點極端,但和異形比起來,如果你希望從普羅米修斯得到什麼真正有啟發性的啟示
,那你不如去看Discovery或者任何一本生物學教材範本。反正你在乎的是訊息,又不是
電影。
--
,你會發現這些作品雖然題材各異,主題也都不太一樣,但總的來說它們都分享了一個特
色:都有龐大的故事背景,而整部電影所講述的事件與之雖然相較之下顯得無關緊要甚至
是雞毛蒜皮,但觀眾隨著觀影過程卻會發現這些大背景之下的小事件實際上都是在用相當
迂迴曲折的方式在反襯事件所處的龐大背景所含蘊的精神,說它們是電影中虛構的龐大時
空的縮影也不為過。
銀翼殺手其實也不過就是一個退休的警探重出江湖獵捕逃脫複製人的故事,但它之所以能
成為科幻電影最偉大的成就之一,毫無疑問是因為未來世界所背負的那些龐大命題都在這
個小小的故事中被反映出來了。異形也是一樣的道理,渺小人類身處無垠太空所感受到的
深邃憂懼不需要太多大事件,只要用一頭怪獸和太空人對抗的故事即可表達。
即使是雷利史考特比較失敗的作品,像是王者天下,你也看得到一樣的結構。電影並不試
圖直接描繪整個十字軍東征的宏偉圖像,而是用貝里昂這個角色的經歷來側寫一整個時
代的歷史。
總的來說,雖然雷利史考特大部分的電影都是宏偉巨製,但和那些富麗壯闊的背景比起來
,電影中的人物總是顯得相當渺小,而所遭遇的事件,好像也不是多麼重大的事情,但總
是在最後的最後,當這些小人物的所作所為竟然產生某些偉大的功效時,你所獲得的情感
能量,往往會比看一些天生就被賦予天命的英雄拯救世界來得多(麥希穆斯在競技場的奮鬥
卻成為羅馬的救贖就是一個相當明顯的例子。),你所獲得的訊息,也往往會比那些直接
切入偉大命題本身的電影,來得深邃許多(像是銀翼殺手對於生命的價值的陳述。)。
我認為這是相當聰明的作法,畢竟描述某個時空下的一小搓人的故事,總是比描述一整個
世界來得容易許多(彼得傑克森大概是個反例。),這可以說是一種「見微知著」的精神,
你不可能寫透整個世界(似乎也沒必要),卻不代表沒有任何側寫的可能性。
反過來說的話,我會認為,這種見微知著的精神是否有發揮透徹,會在很大的程度上影響
一部雷利史考特電影的評價。
至少對我而言,普羅米修斯就是一次失敗的嘗試,到最後,你還是很難知道雷利史考特
到底側寫出了什麼東西。雖然探索人類起源是個很不錯的主題,但在這個主題的發揮上,
普羅米修斯卻顯得相當雜亂卻失敗。
首先,普羅米修斯缺乏成功的角色描繪,這裡並沒有一個真正有血有肉的角色(是少數
幾個好演員把他們的角色演得有血有肉,而不是他們被寫的有血有肉。)。這對一部雷利
史考特的電影是相當大的致命傷,畢竟當你把故事焦點縮小後,角色在推進故事發展上
的功用就顯得相當重要,但普羅米修斯的角色不是缺乏動機(像David),欠缺深度(像是
Vickers),就是根本無關緊要(像是Holloway)。
敘事上的無能則是第二個問題。雖然角色的失敗是其中一個造成敘事無能的成因,但就算
角色真的寫活了,這個故事的敘事還是相當有問題。我不知道該說是雷利史考特拍得不好
還是劇本有毛病,總之整個敘事是渙散的,你看不出來有一個明確的目標在推動整部電影
,而像是一群人在螢幕上晃來晃去,然後就像RPG踩地雷打怪一樣,你隨機觸發什麼事件,
電影就怎樣照著演下去,毫無邏輯章法可言。(像是Peter Weyland的出現就相當突兀。)
有人可能會抱怨我只在看電影怎麼拍,而不在乎電影告訴了我什麼,或者去思考裡面提出
的一些議題和象徵意義。但我倒要問問:
如果電影拍壞了,那麼那些議題和訊息到底有何重要?對我而言,那些訊息和象徵或者議
題如果要在「討論電影」這個前提下顯得有意義,必須要電影本身真的用了什麼方式將這
些訊息和議題變得特殊且陳述得很好才行,否則一本探討死刑的倫理學著作和一部探討死
刑的電影若訊息相同,則兩者之間根本就是毫無差別的,我很難相信有任何人真的會接受
這件事。
說來有點極端,但和異形比起來,如果你希望從普羅米修斯得到什麼真正有啟發性的啟示
,那你不如去看Discovery或者任何一本生物學教材範本。反正你在乎的是訊息,又不是
電影。
--
Tags:
電影
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