補充海角七號裡的日治時代小常識 - 電影
By Callum
at 2008-09-08T23:03
at 2008-09-08T23:03
Table of Contents
我試圖以貧乏的日治時代知識來回答板友一些問題、並補充一些史
實。這是門外漢看了一些書之後整理的資訊,如若有錯,還望研究
這方面的網友不吝指正,謝謝!
1.主要名詞辨別:
由於在日本殖民統治下,當時台灣就是日本領土的一部份,台灣人
自然都是日本人。所以在此作一些名詞釐清。
小島友子是「本島人」——意指在日本統治前便已移居於此的中國
人及原住民。
日本教師是「內地人」——意指從日本列島來的日本人。
勞馬跟民雄的原住民祖輩們,日本政府稱之為「蕃」。
另有一詞「灣生」——在台灣出生的內地人。
2.小島友子既然是本島人,為什麼是日本名字?
答:應該是皇民化時期的影響。
因為七七事變而跟中國人打起來的日本,為了培養本島人愛國(當
然,這裡的國,是,日本。)心志,日本政府於是在此時期實行皇
民化政策:鼓勵本島人改姓名、改變生活習慣的「同化」政策。
小島友子的青春期在二戰期間度過,會改成日本名字也就並不奇
怪。不過,改成日本名並不一定就代表親日或認同皇民身份,而保
留原本的漢名或原住民名,也不一定代表是不認同日本。所以小島
友子為什麼要改日本名?只能說,改名字與不改名字都會有他相對
應的社會利益而已。
另有一個可能:小島友子家族裡有跟內地人通婚,因此改了日本姓。
3.當時的本島人都會改日本名字嗎?
答:不一定。
在前四十年的殖民統治期,內地人當然也是努力地想改造本島
人為皇國子民(同時也在台灣實施有階級、種族區隔的各項社會政
策)但不會強迫本島人改名。而即使是在統治末期的皇民化時期,
也不是所有的本島人都會改名字。
4.日本教師為什麼不留下來?
答:國民黨政府不准日本人留下來。
當時國民黨政府為了政權交接手續,也曾留置一些日本學者或官員
或一段時間,以便釐清之後的治台政策。但大體來說,國民黨政府
是不要日本人留著的。
我並不知道當時實際的遣返狀況為何,但就我在圖書館翻舊報紙的
情況來看,直到民國三十八年後,報紙上都還會出現「某某商行藏
匿兩名日人」的新聞來看,的確是有日本人希望留在台灣,但是此
一行為並不合法,且受到報紙嚴厲的譴責。
所以日本教師不見得是不願意或「身為戰敗國子民沒臉留下來」,但
是外在環境不可能允許他留下。當時也有內地人其實並不心甘情願
離開台灣,尤其是灣生。
又及:當時遣送船有很多班,不是只有中孝介搭的那一班而已。
5.小島友子愛上內地人,是一種被殖民的奴化心態嗎?
答:多麼巨大的問題,渺小的我無力招架。我想我還是當一個普
通的觀眾把他當普通愛情故事來看就好。
當時的認同問題很複雜,不是那麼簡單地可以去定論的。如果去翻
翻當時的本島文人寫的小說,就可以讀到那種掙扎、痛苦的認同焦
慮。一百個人就有一百種心思,不該以這種一廂情願的粗暴態度去
一概論之。
6.當時本島跟內地人可以結婚嗎?
答:可以,但是不會太容易。
這個不容易不是指法律上的不容易,是指社會觀感上的不容易。那
畢竟是一個有著明顯種族階級差別的社會。又,本島女性與內地男
性的婚姻不難,但本島男性與內地女性的婚姻就比較困難了。(我
想,這多半是內地人覺得本島人嫁女兒的風俗很像在賣女兒吧…)
p.s:其實現在出了很多關於日治台灣的研究書籍,從輕鬆的日常生活
器物史到嚴謹的認同問題都有,有興趣者可至書店翻閱。
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