[雷] 酒瓶砸頭之簡介及關鍵字 - 探索頻道

參考網址：
Discovery Channel 官網節目表
http://www.yourdiscovery.com/tw/nevermissdiscovery/
List of MythBusters episodes (維基百科)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_MythBusters_episodes
MythBusters 2010 season (維基百科)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MythBusters_(2010_season)


流言終結者：酒瓶砸頭 (Bottle Bash) 第141集

單元：　酒瓶砸頭 (Bottle Bash)、 皮革大砲 (Leather Cannon)、

在本集的流言終結者，亞當和傑米要驗證酒吧鬥毆流言，他們想知道空啤酒瓶是否比滿瓶
危險。另一方面，說到自古流傳的大砲材質流言，凱莉、格蘭和托瑞要驗證瑞典版和愛爾
蘭版大砲流言：皮革真能做成大砲？
關於酒吧鬥毆流言，鑑識科學家列出頭顱破裂、腦震盪和頭皮撕裂傷，都是被酒瓶砸頭可
能造成的傷勢；他們也提出結論說被空瓶砸頭，會導致更嚴重的傷勢。為了驗證這個流言
，亞當打造酒吧鬥毆機器人，然後分別進行腦震盪測試、頭顱破裂測試和頭皮撕裂傷測試
。在腦震盪測試和頭顱破裂測試，滿瓶都比空瓶造成更嚴重傷勢。在頭皮撕裂傷測試，滿
瓶和空瓶造成的傷勢則是不相上下。凱莉、格蘭和托瑞要驗證瑞典版和愛爾蘭版皮革大砲
流言。瑞典大砲是用銅蕊管加鐵環等材料製作，最後包覆皮革當外層。愛爾蘭大砲則是較
為正統的皮革大砲，炮身完全為皮革所製成。他們將製作這兩種大炮並和真正的復古大炮
做比較。


關鍵字：
啤酒瓶(beer bottle)、空瓶或滿瓶(empty or full bottle)、人腦(human brain)、顱骨
(skull)；
皮革(leather)、瑞典版大砲(Swedish cannon)、愛爾蘭版大砲(Irish cannon)

美式足球頭盔(football helmet)、加速計(accelerometer)、假人頭(fake human head)
、酒吧鬥毆機器人(swinging arm machine)、彈簧(spring)、明膠(gelatin)、果凍腦
(jello brain)、高速攝影機(high-speed camera)、蘇打水(carbonated water)、聚氨酯
塑膠(polyurethane plastic)、人造皮膚(artificial skin)、人造血液(artificial
blood)；
帕落特砲(Parrott gun)、鑄鐵(cast iron)、砲彈(cannonball)、黑火藥(Black Powder)
、砲口初速(muzzle velocity)、高速攝影機(high-speed camera)、量尺(scale)、幀率
(frame rate)、銅芯(copper core)、鐵環(iron bands)、後膛(breech)、砲管(barrel)
、膠水(glue)、銅栓(brass plug)、環氧樹脂(epoxy resin)、潤滑(lubricate)、時尚大
砲(stylish cannon)

G力(G-force)、變形吸收能量、腦震盪(concussion)、顱骨骨折(skull fractures)、頭
皮撕裂傷(skin lacerations)、腦部晃動程度、衝擊試驗(impact test)；攝影測速、炮
管強度

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Bottle Bash : When bashing somebody in the head with a beer bottle, an empty
beer bottle will cause more damage than a full one. "Busted"
The Mythbusters first started by striking a fake human head with both
full and empty bottles. The initial results showed that the full bottle
struck with an average G-force of 28.1 while the empty bottle struck at an
average of 22.7 Gs. However, the Mythbusters noted that the G-forces varied
widely depending on how hard the head was struck. To get more consistent
results, Adam built a machine to simulate a swinging arm. In their second
test, the Mythbusters used the robot arm to strike a container with gelatin
representing the human brain. Analyzing the results, they found that full
bottle still delivered more force to the brain than the empty bottle, making
an injury like a concussion more likely. However, the Mythbusters decided to
factor in other injuries such as skull fractures and lacerations. They built
a container to more closely simulate a human skull. The full bottles were
able to smash the skull, while the empty bottle could not even crack it. They
then used artificial skin and blood to test for lacerations. However, the
full and empty bottles caused the same amount of lacerations. The full bottle
was clearly more capable of causing damage than the empty bottle.

Leather Cannon : A fully functional cannon can be built completely out of
leather. "Busted"
For comparison, the Build Team fired a Civil War Parrott gun of similar
size to the cannons described in the myth to measure its muzzle velocity,
which was 389 mph (626 km/h). Because there are two separate versions of the
myth, originating from Sweden and Ireland, the Build Team decided to test
both designs. The Swedish cannon consisted of a copper core wrapped in
leather and iron bands, while the Irish cannon was built completely out of
leather. The Swedish cannon managed to fire its cannonball at a speed of 450
mph (720 km/h), but blew out its breech in the process. The Irish cannon
failed spectacularly, with the breech blowing out, the cannonball moving only
two feet, and the barrel completely unravelling, making a second shot
impossible. They then built a third leather cannon and reinforced it with
significantly more leather. They also lubricated the barrel to make it easier
for the cannonball to fire. The cannon managed to fire successfully, but the
cannonball could only achieve a speed of 52 mph (84 km/h). While the cannon
was still structurally intact, the barrel was too damaged for a second shot.


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