NCIS的法律問題 - 重返犯罪現場

By Michael
at 2009-09-21T22:52
at 2009-09-21T22:52
Table of Contents
版工忘了整理第六季後半精華區造成大家的誤會真拍謝~
所以決定好好地來回答這位版友的問題~XD
1.NCIS事實上自己就是分店
NCIS其實是同製作人的另一部長壽影集JAG的分支
JAG也就是海軍軍法局 http://www.jag.navy.mil/index.htm
負責處理軍方的法律事件
台灣曾經由華視短暫播出過二或三季左右
當時的翻譯為「執法悍將」
http://www.cbs.com/primetime/jag/index.shtml
製播了十季,到2005年結束
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0112022/
(版工其實相當熱愛男主角Harm啊~穿起制服來帥呆了~)
至於分店的起始(也就是JAG和NCIS的Crossover)請看精華區
2.關於大家常聽到的那句被逮捕前應該要說的話
我相信只是因為戲劇長度的關係被縮減
因為執法人員不可能沒有宣讀這段話就逕行訊問
否則將會造成訊問取得的自白不得做為證據(該證據無證據能力)
此段宣讀的文字在美國被稱為"The Miranda Warning"
起自於Miranda v Arizona. In 1963一案
Miranda先生被控綁架並強暴一名少女,且在被逮捕後經過訊問而自白犯行
但並沒有被告知其有權利保持緘默並聘請律師為其辯護
此案最終上訴至聯邦最高法院
法院判決認定Miranda先生的自白因其並未被告知所享有之權利而不得做為證據
我國則在刑事訴訟法第95條有相似之規定
由於執法人員擁有國家賦予之公權力
在以強制力逮捕嫌犯時
一般人民對法律與自己所享有的基本權利幾乎不太瞭解
此基本權利就是憲法所賦予的「緘默權」、「辯護權」等
因此基本的告知義務踐行就變得非常有必要
透過這些具體要件的實行
才可以真正達到保障人權的刑事訴訟法制及憲法要求
通常"The Miranda Warning"的內容如下:
You have the right to remain silent. Anything you say can and will be used
against you in a court of law. You have the right to speak to an attorney,
and to have an attorney present during any questioning. If you cannot afford
a lawyer, one will be provided for you at government expense.
你有權利保持緘默。任何你所說的話將會在法庭上作為呈堂證供。你有權利要求辯護,
並在任何訊問下由律師代表。如果你沒有財力足以負擔聘請律師的費用,政府將會指派
一位辯護人給你。
以上是米蘭達案判決揭示的告知原則--此為簡單版
另外比較複雜的版本則會包含所有嫌犯被逮捕或訊問時可能遇到的情況,甚至被逮捕者
會被要求書面簽名表示其已瞭解
You have the right to remain silent and refuse to answer questions. Do you
understand?
Anything you do say may be used against you in a court of law. Do you
understand?
You have the right to consult an attorney before speaking to the police and
to have an attorney present during questioning now or in the future. Do you
understand?
If you cannot afford an attorney, one will be appointed for you before any
questioning if you wish. Do you understand?
If you decide to answer questions now without an attorney present you will
still have the right to stop answering at any time until you talk to an
attorney. Do you understand?
Knowing and understanding your rights as I have explained them to you, are
you willing to answer my questions without an attorney present?
這版本我就不翻了~XD
不過由此可知戲劇裡是不可能演這麼多的啦~XD
以上參考資料來源為此 http://www.usconstitution.net/miranda.html
--
Tags:
重返犯罪現場
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